@article { author = {Helal, Shimaa and Abdelhady, Hemmat and Abou-Taleb, Khadiga and Hassan, Mervat and Amer, Mahmoud}, title = {Evaluation of Factors Affecting The Fungal Lipase Production Using One Factor at a Time Approach and Response Surface Methodology}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Microbiology}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {1-16}, year = {2017}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0022-2704}, eissn = {2357-0881}, doi = {10.21608/ejm.2017.602.1012}, abstract = {T HE CURRENT research deals with optimization of the factors affecting lipase production under submerged culture system. The most efficient isolate R1 was identified depending on cultural and morphological characteristics together with 18S rRNA sequence as Rhizopus oryzae. Using one variable at a time, the maximum lipase activity (171.8 U/mL) was recorded in the presence of 1% fish-frying oil, mixture of peptone and yeast extract at pH 5 with 8% v/v of fungal inoculum after 4 days at 30°C. The screening of the most significant factors using Plackett-Burman design revealed that among ten variables, four, i.e. incubation temperature, inoculum size, incubation period and agitation speed, affected significantly (p-values ranged from 0.003 to 0.049) on the lipase activity. Optimization by using response surface methodology (RSM) through central composite design (CCD) resulted in the highest predicted lipase activity (216.2 U/mL) in which fermentation medium was inoculated with 8% inoculum size and incubated at 28°C under agitation speed of 150 rpm for 4 days.}, keywords = {lipase production,Rhizopus oryzae,18S rRNA sequence,Screening,Response surface methodology}, url = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_1655.html}, eprint = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_1655_40a31cde97d434eb67141bdb6212a0c0.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelsalam, Shimaa and Kheirallaa, Zeinab and Abo-Seif, Feriala and Asker, Shereen}, title = {Abiotic Factors and Microbial Communities Fouling Anion Exchange Resin Causing Performance Deficiency in Electric Power Plants}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Microbiology}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {17-28}, year = {2017}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0022-2704}, eissn = {2357-0881}, doi = {10.21608/ejm.2017.812.1017}, abstract = {DEMINERALIZATION using ion exchange resin is an important step required for production of ultra-pure water used in high pressure steam generation systems. This resin may get fouled in different ways resulting in loss of its efficiency. Such problem was investigated in Shoubra El-khiema and Damietta power plants in Egypt. Physicochemical analysis of the resin showed decrease in total exchange capacity of the used resin in the two plants. Chemical and microscopical examination revealed fouling by organic matter and iron. Resin scanning using electron microscope showed growth of bacilli bacteria adsorbed on its surface. Epifluorescence stains showed the presence of living microflora on the new resin, as well as living and dead ones on the used resin. Culture on different media revealed the growth of bacteria on nutrient and blood agar, but not on MacConkey's Agar. Fungal growth was observed on Sabouraud dextrose agar and Czapek's dox agar. Eight gram positive bacterial isolates were isolated from the used resin of the two plants, all of them were bacilli. Sequence analysis followed by phylogenetic investigation showed that seven isolates belonged to Bacillus sp., whereas one isolate was identified as Brevibacterium frigoritolerans CMG M5. The fungal isolates differed in the two plants, and included Penicillium sp, Fusarium sp, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Alternaria sp.}, keywords = {Power Plants,Water treatment,ANION EXCHANGE RESIN,Fouling,Steam generation}, url = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_3478.html}, eprint = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_3478_11891d32b409f45c89c794fe4296ee9d.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El-Salam, Soheir and Darwish, Marwa and Elagawy, Waleed}, title = {Study the Association of Helicobacter pylori and some of HepatitisC Virus Patients in Egypt}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Microbiology}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {29-37}, year = {2017}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0022-2704}, eissn = {2357-0881}, doi = {10.21608/ejm.2017.677.1013}, abstract = {BOTH hepatitis C virus and Helicobacter pylori infections are commonly found in Egypt. Correlation among Helicobacter pylori and HCV has been assisted.This work aim was to research H. pylori DNA inside the liver tissue of Egyptian suffers with persistent hepatitis C and find the relation among HP invasion and HCV.This prospective study was conducted with 49 participants. Helicobacter pylori Standard Kit (H.pylori) genome is designed for the in vitro H.pylori genomes from liver tissues patients with chronic hepatitis C quantitatively. A TaqMan® principle was used by the primer and probe. During PCR amplification, primers of bidirectional hybridize to the H.pylori DNA. DNA probe was Labeled with a 5`-dye and a 3`-quencher forms the fluorogenic probe. During PCR amplification, the indicator dye and the quencher are separated and the probe is split. The increase in fluorescence can be detected by PCR platforms.The bacterial DNA was existed in the liver specimens approximately 44.9% of patients. The DNA of bacteria in hepatic tissue was highly recurrent in patients with progressed fibrosis (54.5% vs. 45.5 %, P = 0.02). Meanwhile, the infective dose of HCV was higher in sufferers with HP DNA in liver tissue compared to patients with no HP DNA in liver tissue (9.0×105 vs. 0.05×105). There hasn't been a relation among the tested bacteria and some factors as age, sex and (LFT) liver function tests while (AFP) α-fetoprotein levels did not differ between patients in absence or presence H.pylori DNA.Conclusion: There was coexistence of HP infection, HCV infective dose and liver fibrosis.}, keywords = {HP DNA,HCV,fibrosis,liver function,PCR}, url = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_3826.html}, eprint = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_3826_97ffebbbe64c8f57307c84de05039cc6.pdf} } @article { author = {Allam, Nanis}, title = {Correlation between Biofilm Production and Bacterial UrinaryTract Infections: New Therapeutic Approach}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Microbiology}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {39-48}, year = {2017}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0022-2704}, eissn = {2357-0881}, doi = {10.21608/ejm.2017.1014.1021}, abstract = {BIOFILMS production during bacterial urinary tract infections (UTIs), being responsible for persistence and relapses. Bacterial producing biofilms are difficult to be eradicated as they reveled antibiotics resistant phenotype that correlated to provided protections by biofilms. The present study revealed that the gram negative bacteria (G-ve) were the most common uropathogenic bacteria causing UTIs with 64.28% biofilm producing ability especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. While, gram positive bacteria (G+ve) represented 23.63% of UTIs with 57.69% biofilm producing ability. The isolated uropathogenic bacteria demonstrated a high and widespread resistance (50% to 95 %) to all used antibiotics except Nitrofurantoin and Imipenem. The most antibiotics resistant uropathogenic isolates were biofilm producers and some of them revealed haemolytic activity. The present study indicated the importance of studying biofilm producing ability of uropahogenic bacteria as it represented 62.72% during UTIs. The anti-biofilm activity of cell free supernatant of Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum DSMZ 20174 and Lactobacillus acidophilus DSMZ 20079T against biofilms of both G-ve and G+ve uropathogenic bacteria beside their acid and bile salt tolerance gave potentiality for their use during UTIs as a beneficial tool for dissociation or prevention of biofilms and enable antimicrobial drugs from eradication of infections.}, keywords = {Urinary tract infection,Escherichia coli,Antibiotic resistance,Biofilm production}, url = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_3827.html}, eprint = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_3827_17e1fc117811f3d5cbb9c20caf712a5c.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Shazly, Asmaa and Noor El-Deen, Azza and Ibrahim, Nevin and Abdelwahed, Nayera and El-Beih, Ahmed and Shetaia, Yousseria and Farid, Mohamed}, title = {Assessment of Genistein and Daidzein Production By Some Local Fungal and Bacterial Isolates}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Microbiology}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {49-61}, year = {2017}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0022-2704}, eissn = {2357-0881}, doi = {10.21608/ejm.2017.1134.1023}, abstract = {TWENTY-THREE different bacterial and fungal isolates were grown and screened for their capability to transform soy glycosides to their aglycone forms with higher titer of antioxidant activity compared to unfermented soy flour. Most of the bacterial isolates showed higher amounts of daidzein than of genistein, which are the aglycone products of daidzin and genistin. After fermentation of soybean flour using bacterial and fungal isolates, the content of isoflavone aglycones varied from 0.0 to 431.89 μg/g compared to unfermented autoclaved soybean flour. Extracellular β-glucosidase activity was ranged from 1.22 to 11.56 mU/mL and 0.3-534.3 U/mL for bacterial and fungal isolates, respectively, while, bacterial cell-bound β-glucosidase ranged from 44.72 to 128.89 mU/mL. Most of the bacterial isolates more efficiently transformed daidzin and genistin into the aglycones than fungal isolates. Among the tested bacterial isolates, the most potent one was selected, characterized according to the morphological and 16S rDNA sequence analysis and identified as Bacillus licheniformis NRC24.}, keywords = {Daidzein,genistein,β-glucosidase,free radical DPPH-scavenging activity,phylogentic tree, B. licheniformis NRC24}, url = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4108.html}, eprint = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4108_69f22c38a6ea7b2e28cf037308853c9f.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Shafi, Seham and Hussein, Yasser and Abou Sabaa, Gamal and Abdel-Monaem, Al-Shaymaa}, title = {An Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Antiviral Activities of Some Bryophytes}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Microbiology}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {63-86}, year = {2017}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0022-2704}, eissn = {2357-0881}, doi = {10.21608/ejm.2017.893.1020}, abstract = {T HIS STUDY screen the antibacterial and antiviral activities of some bryophytes extracts. The pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes LMG 10470 (L. monocytogenes), Escherichia coli LMG 8223 (E. coli), Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 (B. cereus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa LMG 8029 (P. aeruginosa) were inhibited by the aqueous methanolic extracts (ME) of Imbibryum sp., Barbula convoluta and Trichostomum sp.. The mixture of Imbibryum sp.extract and tetracycline have synergistic effect against P. aeruginosa while the mixing of Trichostomum sp. extract with tetracycline has antagonistic effect against P. aeruginosa.Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of P. aeruginosa, treated with ME of Barbula convolute, Imbibryum sp. and Trichostomum sp.indicated sheath surrounded the bacteria, signs of irregular wrinkled outer surface, adhesion and aggregation of damaged cells, malformations in bacterial shape compared to untreated bacterial control. The bryophyte species screened exhibiting considerable antiviral activity against zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), so the bryophytes have been identified as a new source of antiviral activity. The highest degree of antiviral activity was shown ME of Barbula convoluta, Imbibryum sp. and Trichostomum sp.against ZYMV (94, 92 and 90%, respectively). The tested cucumber plants which mechanically infected by ZYMV and treated with different extracts of the most potent bryophytes (Imbibryum sp), contain high amount of phenolic compounds. The highest contents of total phenol are detected in infected cucumber plant, which treated with benzene extract of Imbibryum sp.,(3.48 mg/g fresh wt) followed by methanol extract (3.19 mg/g fresh wt). The bryophytes extracts have no toxic effect in Wistar Albino rats.}, keywords = {bryophytes,Antibacterial,Antiviral,Cucumber,Pathogenic bacteria,ZYMV,Physiological analysis}, url = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4193.html}, eprint = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4193_007d39cde67f846d80c3048d3bab0ea9.pdf} } @article { author = {Negm El-Dein, Asmaa and Noor El-Deen, Azza and Tolba, Sahar and El-Shatoury, Einas and Awad, Ghada and Ibrahim, Mohamed and Farid, Mohamed}, title = {Probiotic Properties and Bile Salt Hydrolase Activity of Some Isolated Lactic Acid Bacteria}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Microbiology}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {87-100}, year = {2017}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0022-2704}, eissn = {2357-0881}, doi = {10.21608/ejm.2017.1336.1025}, abstract = {EIGHT lactic acid bacterial (LAB) isolates were obtained from food and non-food sources and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Based on the sequencing results, the isolates belong to two species of lactobacilli, Lactobacillus plantarum and L. rhamnosus. These strains were then compared with a reference strain, Lactobacillus casei, to assess various probiotic properties, such as haemolytic activity, histamine formation ability, stress tolerance under certain stress conditions, antibiotic susceptibility and in vitro adhesion ability. Moreover, bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity was evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that none of the isolates demonstrated any haemolytic activity or histamine formation. The isolated strains were also tolerant to acidic and alkaline conditions (pH 2.5, 3.5 and 9) for 3 and 6 h, as well as osmotic (3 M NaCl) and heat (55 and 70°C) stress, but were more responsive to oxidative and bile stress. The bacterial isolates also expressed high amounts of BSH, ranging from 90 to 142 U/mg in active cells, compared to L. casei (74 U/mg), which may be useful in cholesterol reduction. All bacterial isolates were resistant to vancomycin and susceptible to amoxicillin, cloxacillin and penicillin. All isolates were also highly hydrophobic (>70%), indicating that they are not easily flushed from the intestines.}, keywords = {LAB,Probiotic properties,Stress tolerance,Bile salt hydrolase}, url = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4715.html}, eprint = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4715_6c94e0221b31c135cbeb435cbf7cf514.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, Wafaa and Rabeea, Omar and Abu Shady, Hala and Youssef, Hebat Allah}, title = {Combining Prebiotic and Mixture of Freeze Dried Probiotics to Develop Synbiotics that Induce Apoptosis in Human Colon Tumor Cells}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Microbiology}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {101-111}, year = {2017}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0022-2704}, eissn = {2357-0881}, doi = {10.21608/ejm.2017.1272.1024}, abstract = {I N THE PRESENT study, we first aimed to select some potential anti-cancer probiotics in vitro.Using the inulin fermentation product by the selected five probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus paraplantarum strain S143, L. pentosus strain P2-3, L. plantarum strain J12, L.gasseri strain F. and L.reuteri strain IRT), Caco-2 cells were exposed to 50% filtrate supernatant of each probiotic bacteria after 24 h of incubation. Results showed that inulin fermentation product of the selected probiotics cause apoptosis in the Caco-2 cell line. Also, the viability of the freeze-dried powders of the five probiotics using skimmed milk as cryoprotectant was followed up for 12 weeks of storage at refrigerated conditions and also at room temperature. Results proved that lyophilized powders showed slight decrease in their viable count during storage both at room and refrigerated temperatures. This would ensure a good cell concentration for at least 3 months to be administered as a probiotic and would guarantee the long-term delivery of sufficient active, viable, and functional cultures.}, keywords = {probiotic,Mixture,Freeze dried,synbiotic,Apoptosis and Tumor}, url = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4716.html}, eprint = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4716_4c625730b4472a115f4c5f3a3cf6314c.pdf} } @article { author = {Ibrahim, Sahar}, title = {Isolation, Identification and Antibiosis Efficacy of Marine Thermophilic Actinomycetes}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Microbiology}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {113-128}, year = {2017}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0022-2704}, eissn = {2357-0881}, doi = {10.21608/ejm.2017.2021.1034}, abstract = {THIS WORK is aimed to assess the antibiosis efficacy of marine thermophilic actinomycetes isolated from raw marine habitat and identify the most antibiosis effective isolate. Variable thermophilic actinomycete strains were isolated from 14 marine sediment samples at Burj Al Arab, El-Agamy salinases and Cairo-Alex route Alexandria, Egypt. The isolated strains were purified and screened for their antibiosis activities against various targets of human pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Actinomycete isolate, characterized by highest broad-spectrum antagonism, was selected and identified based on morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical characteristics. Total cell hydrolysate analysis, Genomic DNA extraction and 16S rRNA sequencing were also characterized. Among the purified 135 marine thermophilic actinomycete isolates, twenty strains showed detectable antagonistic activities against test pathogens. Based on identification collected data, it was suggested that the most potent undertreat isolate is belonging to actinomycete genus Saccharomonospora. Molecular studies revealed that it was highly related to Saccharomonospora viridis (100%). As a result, it was designated as Saccharomonospora viridis AHK190.}, keywords = {Actinomycetes,Antibiosis,identification,marine,Thermophilic}, url = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4779.html}, eprint = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4779_2ce3d086127da3183f214a1effa3ce08.pdf} } @article { author = {Nasr-Eldin, Mohamed and Abdelhamid, Ahmed and Baraka, Dina}, title = {Antibiofilm and Antiviral Potential of Leaf Extracts from Moringa oleifera and Rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis Lam.)}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Microbiology}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {129-139}, year = {2017}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0022-2704}, eissn = {2357-0881}, doi = {10.21608/ejm.2017.1439.1027}, abstract = {THE RISE of antimicrobial drug resistance due to biofilms and improper use of conventional drugs poses a major concern in medicinal fields. This work evaluates the antibiofilm and antiviral potential of leaf extracts from Moringa oleifera and Rosemarinus officinalis (Rosemary). Three different concentrations (20, 40 and 60 mg/ml) of M. oleifera leaves aqueous extract were investigated for their inhibitory potential on initial cell attachment of Staphylococcus aureus cells to the microtiter plate well surface. The concentration (60 mg/ml) resulted in 28.57% inhibition of biofilm formation as compared to 4.96% inhibition in the presence of 20 mg/ml of the same extract. In contrast,S. aureus was more susceptible to rosemary methanol extract with 41.30% inhibition using 10 mg/ml of the extract. Moreover, at non cytotoxic concentration, the inhibitory effect of M. oleifera and rosemary extracts have been separately evaluated against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2). The results indicated that 200 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml for M. oleifera and rosemary extracts, respectively, were considerably safe for Vero cells as cell survival was above 90%. In addition, the percentage of inhibition was 43.2 and 21.4% for HSV-1and HSV-2, respectively by M. oleifera extract while rosemary caused 18.9% inhibition for HSV-1 and no inhibitory activity against HSV-2 was observed.Thus, results uncovered inhibitory potential of M. oleifera and rosemary leaf extracts on initial attachment of S. aureus to surfaces towards biofilm formation. In addition, M. oleifera extract was more effective than rosemary as antiviral agent against herpes simplex viruses.}, keywords = {Antibiofilm,Antiviral,plant extract,Staphylococcus aureus,HSV}, url = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4828.html}, eprint = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4828_ef04d5f8a86f030df1f8cc1dd2e40014.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Shafi, Seham and Ghaly, Mohamed and El-Dougdoug, Khaled and Taha, Mohamed}, title = {Physiological and Infectious Characters of Potato virus Y-Egyptian isolate}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Microbiology}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {141-155}, year = {2017}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology}, issn = {0022-2704}, eissn = {2357-0881}, doi = {10.21608/ejm.2017.1725.1029}, abstract = {P OTATO VIRUS Y (PVY) is one of the most destructive aphid transmitted pathogen to potato plants worldwide. In Egypt, PVY infection causing about 80% reduction the global yield of potato. The objective of this study was to characterize Potato virus Y (PVY-EG) infecting potato plants, based on biological, serological and molecular properties. Naturally infected potato plants by PVY gave positive reaction with PVY-polyclonal antibodies using DAS-ELISA for virus identification. PVY has a higher stability at 45 h (Longevity), 66°C at 10 min (TIP) at 10-6 (DEP), revealing presence of cytoplasmic and crystalline inclusion bodies of the epidermal strips from infected Datura metel (diagnostic host) leaves at 12 days post PVY inoculation. The PVY has UV-spectra at λ 235 and at λ 257 nm. PVY yield was 1.25/100 g leaf tissues and 260/280 more than 1 (it was 1.6). The viral particles were rod flexible (helical symmetry) of 11 x 570 nm, with obvious immunogenicity that represented by 1:1024 titer of antibodies. The cDNA fragment of CP gene was 610 bp. Sequence analysis revealed that PVY isolate showed 93-99% similarity with other worldwide PVY isolates.}, keywords = {PVY,potato,Potyvirus,ELISA,RT-PCR}, url = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4898.html}, eprint = {https://ejm.journals.ekb.eg/article_4898_de744ac71a127cc772ec355619c82693.pdf} }